Medicomunicare Magazine | Health and Medical News
Cigarette smokers have a higher risk of low back pain which can be caused by disc degeneration and spinal instability. Ischemia, apoptosis, erroneous synthesis of disc macromolecules and an imbalance between matrix proteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) may be involved in the pathogenesis of disc degeneration. Along with degeneration, the disc, which by its
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